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Updated: Nov 15, 2025

An Induction System for Clustered Stomata by Sugar Solution Immersion Treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings
Published on: February 15, 2019
Mesophyll-derived sugars are positive regulators of light-driven stomatal opening
Sabrina Flütsch1, Diana Santelia1
1Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, Zürich, 8092, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Guard cell membrane ion transport and metabolism are deeply interconnected, and their coordinated regulation is integral to stomatal opening. Whereas ion transport is exceptionally well understood, how guard cell metabolism influences stomatal movements is less well known. Organic metabolites, such as malate and sugars, fulfill several functions in guard cells during stomatal opening as allosteric activators, counter-ions, energy source and osmolytes. However, their origin and exact fate remain debated. Recent work revealed that the guard cell carbon pool regulating stomatal function and plant growth is mostly of mesophyll origin, highlighting a tight correlation between mesophyll and guard cell metabolism. This review discusses latest research into guard cell carbon metabolism and its impact on stomatal function and whole plant physiology.
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