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Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis in a cow
K W Hinchcliff1, S Shaftoe, R R Dubielzig
1Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|April 1, 1988
Summary
A Holstein cow developed kidney damage from gentamicin, a common antibiotic. This gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis was possibly worsened by concurrent drug administration and bacterial infection, but the cow eventually recovered.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Gentamicin is a widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic in veterinary medicine.
- Nephrotoxicosis is a known potential adverse effect of gentamicin therapy.
- Risk factors for gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis in cattle are not fully elucidated.
Observation:
- A mature Holstein cow presented with signs of acute kidney injury.
- The cow had recently received gentamicin treatment.
- Concurrent administration of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and severe gram-negative bacterial sepsis were noted.
Findings:
- The clinical presentation was consistent with gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis.
- The predisposing factors likely contributed to the development of severe kidney injury.
- The cow demonstrated a positive response to supportive care and prolonged hospitalization.
Implications:
- This case highlights the risk of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis in cattle, even without pre-existing renal disease.
- Concurrent use of NSAIDs and severe sepsis may increase susceptibility to aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.
- Careful patient monitoring and consideration of risk factors are crucial when administering gentamicin to cattle.