Aptamer-Based Detection of Circulating Targets for Precision Medicine

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Precision Medicine

Background:

• Liquid biopsy offers noninvasive, real-time physiological and pathological information.
• Effective detection of circulating targets in liquid biopsy relies on specific recognition ligands.
• Aptamers are functional oligonucleotides with high specificity and affinity for target molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of aptamer-based liquid biopsy techniques for precision medicine.
• To discuss advancements in aptamer selection, assembly, and modification.
• To explore aptamer applications in isolation, release, detection, and signal amplification for diagnostics.

Main Methods:

• Review of aptamer selection strategies.
• Summary of multivalent aptamer assembly and interface modification techniques.
• Description of aptamer-based platforms for micro-/nanoisolation, release, and signal amplification.

Main Results:

• Aptamers serve as ideal recognition ligands for liquid biopsy due to their specific binding capabilities.
• Various aptamer-based strategies enhance the sensitivity and reliability of circulating target detection.
• These techniques facilitate the development of advanced diagnostic tools for precision medicine.

Conclusions:

• Aptamer-based liquid biopsy presents significant opportunities for advancing precision medicine.
• Further research is needed to address challenges in aptamer selection, engineering, and clinical translation.
• Optimized aptamer applications can revolutionize noninvasive diagnostics and personalized healthcare.