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Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
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Comparison of Monoclonal Gammopathies Linked to Poliovirus or Coxsackievirus vs. Other Infectious Pathogens

Jean Harb1,2,3, Nicolas Mennesson1, Cassandra Lepetit1

  • 1CRCINA, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, 44000 Nantes, France.

Cells
|March 6, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Chronic stimulation by pathogens can cause monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma (MM). Researchers identified specific poliovirus and coxsackievirus epitopes linked to MGUS, suggesting these are common triggers.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chronic stimulation by infectious pathogens or self-antigen glucosylsphingosine (GlcSph) is implicated in the development of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma (MM).
  • Existing multiplex infectious antigen microarray (MIAA) and GlcSph assays identify targets for over 60% of monoclonal immunoglobulins (Igs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel antigenic targets for monoclonal immunoglobulins (Igs) not covered by current assays.
  • To investigate the prevalence of MGUS and MM associated with specific viral epitopes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 28 purified monoclonal Igs using microarrays with 3760 B-cell epitopes from 196 pathogens.
  • Identification of specific recognition of PALTAVETG and PALTAAETG epitopes from poliovirus and coxsackievirus VP1 coat proteins.

Main Results:

  • Six of 28 (21.4%) monoclonal Igs recognized the PALTAVETG or PALTAAETG epitopes.
  • Re-analysis of patient cohorts revealed that 10/155 MGUS/SM cases (6.5%) and 3/147 MM cases (2.0%) had Igs binding to these viral epitopes.
  • These findings indicate that PALTAV/AETG-initiated MGUS are relatively common.

Conclusions:

  • The PALTAVETG and PALTAAETG epitopes from poliovirus and coxsackievirus are significant targets for monoclonal immunoglobulins in MGUS and MM.
  • MGUS cases initiated by these viral epitopes are not rare, and a small fraction may progress to myeloma.
Keywords:
MGUSantigen specificitycoxsackievirusinfectionmonoclonal gammopathymonoclonal immunoglobulinmultiple myelomapathogenpoliovirus

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