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Optimization of Fuel Cell Performance Using Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Tabbi Wilberforce1, Oluwatosin Ijaodola2, Ogungbemi Emmanuel2

  • 1Mechanical Engineering and Design, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.

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|March 6, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aluminum bipolar plates enhance Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance compared to copper and stainless steel. This study investigated material effects on cell performance and key parameter distributions.

Keywords:
PEM fuel cellcopperpolarization curveserpentine bipolar platestainless steel

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells require cost-effective bipolar plate materials for market competitiveness.
  • Bipolar plates are critical components influencing fuel cell performance and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu), and Stainless Steel (SS) bipolar plate materials on PEM fuel cell performance.
  • To analyze the distribution of critical parameters such as temperature, pressure, and mass fractions within the fuel cell.
  • To validate numerical findings with experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a 3D PEM fuel cell model.
  • Numerical simulations using ANSYS FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
  • Experimental investigation of a single PEM fuel cell with Al, Cu, and SS bipolar plates.
  • Validation through comparison of numerical and experimental polarization curves.

Main Results:

  • Aluminum serpentine bipolar plates demonstrated superior performance compared to Copper and Stainless Steel.
  • Numerical simulations provided insights into parameter distributions affecting cell performance.
  • Experimental results corroborated the numerical findings, confirming Al's enhanced performance.

Conclusions:

  • Aluminum is a promising low-cost bipolar plate material for high-performance PEM fuel cells.
  • The enhanced stability of hydrogen molecules on Aluminum surfaces contributes to its superior performance.
  • This research supports the development of more efficient and economical fuel cell technologies.