Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Published on: November 19, 2019

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Non-Coding RNAs Set a New Phenotypic Frontier in Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Resistance

Joshua Altschuler1, Jennifer A Stockert1, Natasha Kyprianou1,2

  • 1Department of Urology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 6, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Prostate cancer (PCa) mortality is high due to treatment resistance. Understanding phenotypic transitions and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is key to overcoming resistance and improving outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) mortality is a significant public health issue, particularly in advanced stages where therapeutic resistance is common.
  • The androgen receptor (AR) is central to PCa growth and the target of current therapies, but resistance invariably develops.
  • Therapeutic resistance involves complex biological mechanisms, including genetic, signaling, and phenotypic alterations, influenced by the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on phenotypic transitions (EMT/MET) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in PCa therapeutic resistance.
  • To explore the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in epigenetic changes driving PCa progression.
  • To discuss the predictive value of these molecular determinants in advanced PCa.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of evidence-based knowledge on PCa therapeutic resistance.
  • Analysis of the role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in treatment response.
  • Examination of microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) mechanisms in PCa.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic transitions (EMT/MET) are critical in navigating PCa therapeutic response and resistance.
  • Non-coding RNAs, including miRNAs and lncRNAs, are implicated in epigenetic alterations contributing to resistance.
  • These molecular factors offer potential as biomarkers for predicting PCa progression and resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding phenotypic plasticity and ncRNAs is crucial for developing strategies to overcome therapeutic resistance in PCa.
  • miRNAs and lncRNAs represent promising targets and predictive biomarkers for advanced prostate cancer.
  • Integrated analysis of these factors may improve patient outcomes and survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Keywords:
EMTNEPCanoikislncRNAmetastasismiRNAncRNAtherapeutic resistance

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