W Harry Archer's collection of Horace Wells letters are still available. A commentary on a new publication
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 1, 2026

Blood Collection from the American Horseshoe Crab, Limulus Polyphemus
Published on: October 13, 2008
1University of Dundee, UK.
Abstract:
The definitive account of the life and work of Horace Wells, the dentist from Hartford, Connecticut, who experimented with nitrous oxide anesthesia in 1844, is that published by W Harry Archer for the centenary of Wells's work. A major source of original material was a collection of letters, by Wells and others, that Archer found in the house in Hartford, Vermont, in which Wells was born. In later support for Wells being better recognized for his role in the introduction of general anaesthesia, Richard J Wolfe and Leonard F Menczer published a collection of essays in 1994. However, their preparation was hampered by their (mis)understanding that the 'Archer' letters (which were lodged in the Pittsburgh University Library) were "missing", a belief which continued, but has been disproved by a new author. Before his death, John Bunker encouraged his anthropologist daughter, Emily, to continue a project he had been planning on the history of anesthesia, and the result is a new book, "Horace and Elizabeth: Love and Death and Painless Dentistry". First and foremost Ms Bunker has discovered that the Archer Letters are very much available, and has been greatly helped by the University of Pittsburgh Library in producing her book. She has used reproductions and transcriptions of the letters (some previously unpublished) and other contemporary documents to illustrate Wells's role in the great discovery. Some of the material, especially from before the 'Colton' demonstration of 1844 is remarkable; it is almost like hearing the story from Wells himself.
Related Concept Videos
Archival Research
Chambers of the Heart
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
The Arch of Aorta
Encircling the heart, the coronary arteries form a ring-like structure before...
Arteries of the Head and Neck
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
Arteries of the Upper Limbs
Quarrying of Stone
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the block.

