Free Flaps in Lower Extremity Reconstruction

Free tissue transfer to the lower extremity for limb salvage remains challenging. A comprehensive approach includes patient selection, flap selection, selection of the recipient vessels, flap dissection, flap preparation, microvascular anastomosis, flap inset, immediate postoperative care, intermediate postoperative care, and further follow-up care. Each step in this comprehensive approach has its unique considerations and should be executed equally to ensure an optimal outcome. Once acquired, some clinical experience along with adequate microsurgical skill, good surgical judgment, well instructed and step-by-step intraoperative execution, and a protocol-driven practice, successful free tissue transfer to the lower extremity can be accomplished.