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Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Gut Microbiota in Cancer Immune Response and Immunotherapy

Cheng-Bei Zhou1, Yi-Lu Zhou1, Jing-Yuan Fang1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, China.

Trends in Cancer
|March 6, 2021
PubMed

Keywords:
cancer immune responseefficacy and toxicitygut microbiotaimmune checkpoint blockersimmunotherapyprecise bacterial manipulation

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