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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

5.6K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Harnessing the Bioorthogonal Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Cycloaddition for Pretargeted PET Imaging
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Immunotherapy, cancer and PET.

M Simó-Perdigó1, J L Vercher-Conejero2, S Viteri3

  • 1Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Vall de Hebrón, Barcelona, España; Grupo de Oncología de la SEMNIM.

Revista Espanola De Medicina Nuclear E Imagen Molecular
|March 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy revolutionizes cancer treatment, offering prolonged disease control. New imaging patterns like pseudoprogression and hyperprogression require advanced criteria and immunoPET biomarkers for accurate patient response prediction.

Keywords:
Efectos adversos inmunorrelacionadosImmunopetImmunorelated adverse effectsImmunotherapyInmunopetInmunoterapiaPET/CTPET/TCPseudoprogresiónPseudoprogression

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cancer immunotherapy represents a significant advancement, enabling long-term disease control.
  • Treatment efficacy correlates with distinct imaging response patterns and novel toxicities.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emergence of novel imaging response patterns in cancer immunotherapy.
  • To introduce new metabolic response criteria developed to assess these patterns.
  • To highlight the role of immunoPET biomarkers in predicting immunotherapy response.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunotherapy response patterns.
  • Discussion of new metabolic response criteria (PECRIT, PERCIMT, imPERCIST, IPERCIST).
  • Exploration of immunoPET-specific biomarkers for patient stratification.

Main Results:

  • Identified pseudoprogression and hyperprogression as key immunotherapy response patterns.
  • Highlighted the development of new metabolic response criteria to interpret these patterns.
  • Emphasized the utility of immunoPET biomarkers in identifying suitable patients and predicting treatment success.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced imaging criteria and immunoPET biomarkers are essential for managing immunotherapy response.
  • Accurate assessment of imaging patterns aids in predicting patient outcomes and guiding treatment decisions.
  • ImmunoPET offers a promising avenue for personalized immunotherapy strategies.