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Predictive and prognostic transcriptomic biomarkers in soft tissue sarcomas.

Eve Merry1, Khin Thway1,2, Robin L Jones1,3

  • 1Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.

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|March 6, 2021
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Summary

Transcriptomic signatures offer new ways to classify soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and improve patient prognostication. Further validation is needed for routine clinical use in precision medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare, heterogeneous cancers with limited treatment options for advanced stages.
  • Current prognostication relies on histological grading and nomograms, lacking molecular insights.
  • Gene expression profiling has advanced understanding of sarcoma biology and identified therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and evaluation of transcriptomic signatures for sarcoma prognostication.
  • To highlight the potential of molecular profiling in improving risk classification and guiding treatment strategies.
  • To discuss the future integration of transcriptomic data with other omics for precision medicine in STS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of early gene expression profiling developments in sarcomas.
  • Evaluation of key transcriptomic biomarker signatures: CINSARC, Genomic Grade Index, and hypoxia-associated signatures.
  • Discussion of the need for prospective validation and ongoing clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • Transcriptomic signatures show promise for risk classification in STS, aiding prognostication.
  • Specific signatures like CINSARC and Genomic Grade Index have been developed and evaluated.
  • Prospective validation is ongoing to assess the clinical reliability of these signatures.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptomic signatures are emerging tools for improving sarcoma prognostication and risk stratification.
  • Integration with existing methods and other omics data can enhance identification of high-risk patients.
  • These signatures are poised to advance precision medicine in the clinical management of sarcoma patients.