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New electrochemical method for programmed death-ligand 1 detection based on a paper-based microfluidic aptasensor.

Yu Xing1, Juntao Liu1, Shuai Sun1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|March 7, 2021
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Summary

A novel paper-based aptasensor enables rapid, low-cost detection of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in body fluids. This sensitive electrochemical method offers a portable alternative to traditional assays like ELISA.

Keywords:
Differential pulse voltammetryElectrochemical aptasensorProgrammed death-ligand 1

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biosensing

Background:

  • Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a critical therapeutic biomarker.
  • Existing detection methods for PD-L1 in body fluids can be costly and time-consuming.
  • A need exists for rapid, low-cost, and portable PD-L1 detection techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a paper-based microfluidic aptasensor for label-free electrochemical detection of PD-L1.
  • To create a sensitive, low-cost, and portable method for PD-L1 quantification in biological samples.
  • To offer an alternative to conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for PD-L1 detection.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a paper-based microfluidic device integrating a reaction cell and a three-electrode system.
  • Modification of the working electrode with nanocomposites (amine-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube, new methylene blue, gold nanoparticles) for aptamer binding and electrochemical measurement.
  • Utilizing a differential pulse voltammetry electrochemical method for label-free PD-L1 detection.
  • Employing PD-L1 aptamers as biorecognition molecules.

Main Results:

  • The aptasensor demonstrated a linear detection range of 10 pg mL⁻¹ to 2.5 ng mL⁻¹ for PD-L1.
  • A low detection limit of 10 pg mL⁻¹ (S/N=3) was achieved.
  • The aptasensor showed comparable results to ELISA when tested with serum samples, indicating high sensitivity and reliability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed paper-based microfluidic aptasensor is a promising tool for PD-L1 detection.
  • This method offers a low-cost, portable, and highly sensitive alternative to ELISA for PD-L1 analysis in body fluids.
  • The aptasensor facilitates rapid point-of-care diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring.