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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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A working memory span task for toddlers.

Sergio Morra1, Elena Gandolfi1, Sabrina Panesi2

  • 1Università di Genova, Genova, Italy.

Infant Behavior & Development
|March 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces the Memory Span Spin-the-Pots (MSSP), a new working memory task for toddlers. The MSSP effectively measures toddlers' working memory and identifies factors influencing performance.

Keywords:
Executive functionImitation sorting taskMemory span spin-the-potsToddlersWorking memory capacity

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Childhood Cognition

Background:

  • Working memory is crucial for cognitive development in toddlers.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture working memory capacity in this age group.
  • The Spin-the-Pots task offers a foundation for a novel measure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a new working memory measure for toddlers, the Memory Span Spin-the-Pots (MSSP).
  • To investigate the impact of task manipulations (covering, rotation) on toddlers' performance.
  • To assess the concurrent validity of the MSSP with an established measure.

Main Methods:

  • Toddlers aged 18 months to 3 years participated in two experiments.
  • The MSSP involved retrieving objects from hidden locations with manipulated memory loads.
  • Experiment 1 examined covering and rotation effects; Experiment 2 compared MSSP with the Imitation Sorting Task (IST).

Main Results:

  • Covering or rotating stimuli impaired toddlers' performance on the MSSP.
  • An under-additive interaction was observed when both covering and rotation were combined.
  • MSSP scores correlated with the IST and increased with age, supporting its validity.

Conclusions:

  • The Memory Span Spin-the-Pots (MSSP) is a valid and reliable working memory measure for toddlers.
  • Task variables like covering and rotation significantly affect toddlers' performance.
  • The findings provide insights into attentional processes involved in toddler working memory.