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Mesenchymal stem cells' seeded amniotic membrane as a tissue-engineered dressing for wound healing
Hamid Reza Aghayan1, Motahareh Sheikh Hosseini2, Mahdi Gholami3
1Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Drug Delivery and Translational Research
|March 7, 2021
Summary
Human amniotic membrane (AM) combined with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) significantly enhances wound healing in rats. Placenta-derived MSCs showed superior regenerative effects compared to adipose-derived MSCs in this tissue-engineered dressing study.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Human amniotic membrane (AM) is a well-established biological dressing for wound regeneration due to its low toxicity, immunogenicity, and availability.
- Enriching tissue grafts with stem cells is an emerging strategy to augment regenerative capabilities.
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for enhancing wound healing due to their multipotent differentiation and immunomodulatory properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of tissue-engineered dressings combining acellular AM (AAM) with human adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) and placenta-derived MSCs (PLMSCs).
- To evaluate the regenerative potential of these engineered constructs in a rat excisional wound model.
- To compare the healing effects of ADMSCs and PLMSCs when seeded onto AAM.
Main Methods:
- Human ADMSCs and PLMSCs were isolated, characterized, and seeded onto AAM scaffolds, followed by 5 days of cultivation.
- An excisional wound model was created in 24 male Wistar rats, randomly assigned to four groups: control, AAM, ADMSCs + AAM, and PLMSCs + AAM.
- Wound healing was assessed by macroscopic observation (days 0, 7, 14) and histopathological analysis of biopsies (days 7, 14), evaluating closure rate, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen remodeling.
Main Results:
- MSC-seeded AAM constructs demonstrated significantly superior regenerative effects compared to control and AAM-only groups.
- Histopathological analysis revealed enhanced wound closure, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen remodeling in MSC-treated groups.
- Placenta-derived MSCs (PLMSCs) exhibited more potent wound healing effects than adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) in the rat model.
Conclusions:
- Seeding MSCs onto AAM effectively enhances its regenerative properties for wound treatment.
- Tissue-engineered dressings composed of AAM and MSCs represent a promising therapeutic approach for accelerating wound healing.
- PLMSCs hold greater potential than ADMSCs for improving regenerative outcomes in AM-based wound therapies.
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