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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles
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Cardiac electrical and structural alterations in preeclampsia.

Ekrem Aksu1, Bilal Cuglan2, Abdullah Tok3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|March 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Preeclampsia significantly alters heart structure and ECGs, increasing arrhythmia risk. Early cardiac assessment and monitoring are crucial for managing preeclampsia patients and preventing complications.

Keywords:
Arrhythmiaelectromechanical delayfQRSmyocardial performance indexpreeclampsia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Obstetrics
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Preeclampsia is linked to long-term cardiovascular risks, including arrhythmias, due to cardiac changes.
  • These cardiac alterations can manifest during pregnancy and persist postpartum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify noninvasive predictors of arrhythmias and cardiac structural changes in preeclampsia.
  • To compare electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters between preeclampsia patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 34 preeclampsia patients with 33 healthy pregnant women.
  • Evaluated fragmented QRS, P dispersion, QT dispersion, Tp-e/QTc ratio, electromechanical delay, and left ventricular mass index using ECG and echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • Preeclampsia patients showed higher left ventricular mass index, relative wall thickness, and E/Em ratio.
  • Prolonged inter-/intra-atrial electromechanical delay, increased P and QT dispersion, and elevated Tp-e/QTc ratio were observed in preeclampsia.
  • Fragmented QRS morphology was significantly more prevalent in preeclampsia (76.5%) versus controls (27.3%).

Conclusions:

  • Preeclampsia induces significant cardiac structural and electrocardiographic changes, elevating arrhythmia risk.
  • Earlier and comprehensive cardiac evaluation, alongside closer follow-up, is recommended for preeclampsia patients to mitigate risks.