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Neurologic Care of COVID-19 in Children
1Pediatric Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Insights
Neurological symptoms are rare in children with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), but the pandemic has negatively impacted pediatric care, especially for those with chronic neurological conditions. This review covers both aspects.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- While SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) often presents mildly in children, severe cases and neurological symptoms, more common in adults, are rare.
- The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted healthcare systems globally, affecting routine pediatric care.
- Children with pre-existing neurological conditions face heightened risks due to pandemic-related disruptions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review reported neurological abnormalities in children infected with SARS-CoV-2.
- To examine the collateral impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric healthcare, particularly for children with chronic neurological disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of neurological manifestations in pediatric COVID-19 cases.
- Analysis of the pandemic's effects on healthcare access for children with neurological conditions.
Main Results:
- Neurological symptoms are infrequent in pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to adults.
- Pandemic-related healthcare disruptions have adversely affected children with autism, ADHD, epilepsy, and other chronic neurological conditions, as well as those requiring neurosurgery.
Conclusions:
- Neurological involvement in pediatric COVID-19 is uncommon, but the pandemic's broader impact on specialized pediatric care is significant.
- Ensuring continued access to care for children with neurological conditions must be a priority during public health crises.
Abstract:
Most children with SARS-CoV-2 infection have relatively mild clinical symptoms without fever or pneumonia, although severe cases with multiple-organ failure have been reported. Neurological symptoms, which have been mainly reported in adults, are very rare in children. This article will review 2 different aspects of neurological involvement related to this infection in children. In the first part, we will review the neurological abnormalities reported in children caused by this viral infection. Adults frequently report muscle pain, headache, anosmia, dysgeusia, and occasionally more severe central or peripheral nervous system damage. Neurological involvement seems infrequent in children, although some cases have been reported. In the second part, we will discuss the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the healthcare system of some countries, causing collateral damage to general pediatric care and in particular to those children affected with chronic diseases, mainly neurological conditions, including autism, intellectual disability, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), neuromuscular disorders, cerebral palsy, and epilepsy, and patients needing neurosurgical procedures.
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