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Neutrophil and Eosinophil DNA Extracellular Trap Formation: Lessons From Pathogenic Fungi
Juliana da Costa Silva1, Glaucia de Azevedo Thompson-Souza2, Marina Valente Barroso1,2
1Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Frontiers in Microbiology
|March 8, 2021
Summary
Neutrophils and eosinophils release DNA extracellular traps (ETs) to combat fungal infections. Understanding these antifungal mechanisms is crucial for developing new treatments against dangerous fungal pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Mycology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Fungal infections pose a significant global health threat, ranging from superficial conditions to life-threatening invasive diseases.
- Neutrophils and eosinophils are key immune cells involved in host defense against pathogens.
- Extracellular traps (ETs), released by immune cells, are increasingly recognized for their role in pathogen control and inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms by which neutrophils and eosinophils release extracellular traps (ETs) in response to fungal pathogens.
- To discuss the implications of ET formation by these cells in the context of fungal infections.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating neutrophil and eosinophil extracellular trap formation.
- Analysis of known antifungal mechanisms employed by neutrophils and eosinophils.
- Synthesis of current understanding regarding ETs in fungal immunity.
Main Results:
- Neutrophils utilize diverse antifungal mechanisms, including phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species, and DNA extracellular trap (ET) release.
- Eosinophils, traditionally linked to allergy and helminthic infections, also possess antifungal activities and can form ETs.
- Both neutrophils and eosinophils release their DNA to form ETs in response to fungal stimuli, contributing to pathogen control.
Conclusions:
- Neutrophil and eosinophil extracellular traps (ETs) represent an important defense mechanism against fungal pathogens.
- Further research into ET formation and function is vital for understanding host-fungus interactions and developing novel antifungal strategies.
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