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Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Subcostal Specimen Removal in Completely Portal Robotic Lobectomy
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Analysis of Cesarean Sections using Robson's Ten Group Classification System.

Rashida Parveen1, Mehnaz Khakwani2, Anum Naz3

  • 1Rashida Parveen, Department of Obstetrics and Gyne, Unit-II, Nishtar Medical University Hospital, Multan, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|March 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Cesarean section trends in Pakistan show Robson Group-10 and Group-5 as most common. Previous C-sections and fetal distress were leading indications for the procedure.

Keywords:
Cesarean sectionFetal distressRobson’s Ten-Group Classification

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Surgical Trends Analysis

Background:

  • Cesarean section (CS) rates are a global health concern.
  • Robson's Ten-Group Classification System (TGCS) provides a standardized method for analyzing CS trends.
  • Understanding local CS demographics and indications is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze cesarean section (CS) trends.
  • To evaluate CS cases using Robson's Ten-Group Classification System (TGCS).
  • To identify common indications for CS in a tertiary care hospital in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at Nishtar Medical University Hospital, Multan, Pakistan (October 2019 - March 2020).
  • Data from 167 women who underwent CS were collected, including maternal characteristics and pregnancy information.
  • Cases were categorized according to Robson's Ten-Group Classification System (TGCS).

Main Results:

  • The majority of women (69.5%) were from urban areas, with 44.3% aged 37-42 years.
  • A significant proportion (64.7%) had a history of previous cesarean section.
  • Robson TGCS Group-10 (50.9%), Group-5 (14.4%), and Group-1 (11.4%) were the most frequent categories.
  • Previous cesarean section (20.4%) and fetal distress (19.8%) were the primary indications for CS.

Conclusions:

  • Robson's TGCS Group-10 and Group-5 were the most significant contributors to cesarean deliveries in the study population.
  • Previous cesarean section and fetal distress emerged as the most common indications driving cesarean interventions.
  • These findings highlight the need for strategies to manage repeat cesarean sections and address fetal distress.