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The structure of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in Lithuanian mental health services

Evaldas Kazlauskas1, Goda Gegieckaite1, Philip Hyland2,3

  • 1Department of Clinical and Organizational Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.

European Journal of Psychotraumatology
|March 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study validates the International Classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11) diagnostic criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) in a Lithuanian population. Findings support the proposed ICD-11 structures for PTSD and CPTSD.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • The 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) introduces distinct categories for stress-related disorders, including revised Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and a new diagnosis of Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD).
  • Validation of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD symptom structures is crucial for cross-cultural applicability, yet few studies have utilized the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ).
  • Lithuania's recent history of political oppression necessitates research into trauma's psychological impact within its population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the validity of the ICD-11 diagnostic criteria for PTSD and CPTSD in a Lithuanian treatment-seeking sample.
  • To assess the symptom structure of PTSD and CPTSD using the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ).
  • To contribute to the cross-cultural validation of ICD-11 trauma-related disorder classifications.

Main Methods:

  • Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Latent Class Analysis (LCA) were employed.
  • The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) was used to measure PTSD and CPTSD symptoms.
  • Data were collected from 280 patients attending outpatient mental health centers in Lithuania.

Main Results:

  • The study supported the proposed ICD-11 factor structure for CPTSD.
  • Latent Class Analysis identified a three-class model: PTSD, CPTSD, and a low symptom group.
  • Factorial and discriminant validity of the ICD-11 proposals for PTSD and CPTSD were supported in this clinical population.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide empirical support for the ICD-11 diagnostic framework for PTSD and CPTSD in a Lithuanian context.
  • The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) is a valid measure for assessing these conditions in diverse populations.
  • This research enhances the understanding of trauma sequelae in a population with a unique history of systematic oppression.

Keywords:
ICD-11PTSDcomplex PTSDlatent class analysisvalidation• The factorial and discriminant validity of ICD-11 proposals for PTSD and CPTSD were supported in a Lithuanian sample. • The new ICD-11 based measure of PTSD and CPTSD was used for measurement of symptoms. • ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD appear to be clinically meaningful constructs within the Lithuanian context.

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