Relationship Between Polycystic Ovarian Morphology and Ectopic Pregnancy

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Medical Imaging
• Gynecology

Background:

• Ectopic pregnancy (EP) poses significant risks to maternal health.
• Early diagnosis of EP is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes.
• The role of ovarian morphology in EP diagnosis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in patients with EP.
• To evaluate the diagnostic value of sonographic ovarian appearance in the early detection of EP.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 35 patients with EP and 35 controls with healthy intrauterine pregnancy (IUP).
• Ovarian sonography was performed, and images were analyzed for ovarian area, volume, follicle number, and distribution.
• Questionnaires assessed hirsutism and menstrual irregularity; statistical analyses included t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and logistic regression.

Main Results:

• Patients with EP had significantly higher mean gravidity and parity compared to the IUP group.
• Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) was significantly more prevalent in the EP group (51.4% vs. 20%, p=0.006).
• Logistic regression identified multiparity (OR=8.635) and PCOM on ultrasound (OR=19.081) as significant risk factors for EP.

Conclusions:

• Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is more prevalent in women diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy (EP).
• Transvaginal ultrasound assessment of PCOM can serve as a valuable clinical marker for suspected EP.
• Identifying PCOM may aid in the earlier and more accurate diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.