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Anti-Tumor Mechanisms Associated With Regulation of Non-Coding RNA by Active Ingredients of Chinese Medicine: A
Tian-Jia Liu1, Shuang Hu1, Zhi-Dong Qiu1
1School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Abstract:
Cancer has become the second leading cause of death worldwide; however, its complex pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Previous research has shown that cancer development and progression are closely associated with various non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs, which regulate gene expression. Target gene abnormalities are regulated and engaged in the complex mechanism underlying tumor formation, thereby controlling apoptosis, invasion, and migration of tumor cells and providing potentially effective targets for the treatment of malignant tumors. Chemotherapy is a commonly used therapeutic strategy for cancer; however, its effectiveness is limited by general toxicity and tumor cell drug resistance. Therefore, increasing attention has been paid to developing new cancer treatment modalities using traditional Chinese medicines, which exert regulatory effects on multiple components, targets, and pathways. Several active ingredients in Chinese medicine, including ginsenoside, baicalin, and matrine have been found to regulate ncRNA expression levels, thus, exerting anti-tumor effects. This review summarizes the scientific progress made regarding the anti-tumor mechanisms elicited by various active ingredients of Chinese medicine in regulating non-coding RNAs, to provide a theoretical foundation for treating tumors using traditional Chinese medicine.
Insights
Traditional Chinese medicines regulate non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to combat cancer. Active ingredients like ginsenoside, baicalin, and matrine show anti-tumor effects by modulating ncRNAs, offering new therapeutic avenues.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cancer is a leading global cause of death with complex, unclear pathogenesis.
- Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs, are implicated in cancer development and progression.
- Chemotherapy faces limitations due to toxicity and drug resistance, driving the search for novel treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the anti-tumor mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) active ingredients.
- To explore how these TCM components regulate non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).
- To provide a theoretical basis for TCM-based cancer therapy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific progress on TCM and ncRNA regulation in cancer.
- Analysis of studies on specific TCM active ingredients and their anti-tumor effects.
- Synthesis of information on mechanisms involving ncRNA modulation.
Main Results:
- Several TCM active ingredients, including ginsenoside, baicalin, and matrine, demonstrate anti-tumor properties.
- These ingredients effectively regulate ncRNA expression levels.
- Modulation of ncRNAs by TCM components impacts tumor cell apoptosis, invasion, and migration.
Conclusions:
- TCM active ingredients offer a promising approach for cancer treatment by targeting ncRNAs.
- Understanding these ncRNA-regulatory mechanisms can enhance TCM's role in oncology.
- This review provides a foundation for developing novel, effective cancer therapies using TCM.
