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Ordinal citizenship
1Department of Sociology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
The British Journal of Sociology
|March 8, 2021
Summary
21st-century technology reshapes citizenship, creating "ordinal citizenship." This system sorts individuals through social measurement, potentially exacerbating inequalities despite new freedoms and opportunities.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Sociology
- Political Science
Background:
- 20th-century social citizenship expansion mitigated economic inequality but created new divisions.
- 21st-century technological advancements offer new freedoms but also new methods for social stratification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the evolution of citizenship in the digital age.
- To introduce and define the concept of "ordinal citizenship" and its implications.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual analysis of citizenship theory.
- Examination of technological impacts on social inclusion and exclusion.
Main Results:
- New technologies enable sophisticated classification, sorting, and scaling of individuals.
- This process creates "winners and losers," echoing meritocratic trends and potentially reinforcing old inequalities.
- The rise of "ordinal citizenship" emphasizes social measurement and hierarchy over universal solidarity.
Conclusions:
- The current trajectory of citizenship is shifting towards a model based on quantifiable differentiation.
- "Ordinal citizenship" risks eroding the solidaristic foundations of social inclusion.
- Further research is needed to address the societal consequences of this shift.
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