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ESTIMATION OF ENTRANCE SURFACE AIR KERMA IN DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS.

Chanchal Kaushik1, Inderjeet Singh Sandhu2, A K Srivastava3

  • 1Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|March 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiation doses from digital X-ray exams were assessed, with most falling within established dose reference levels (DRLs). Findings highlight the need for optimized radiation protection and technique improvements in digital radiography.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging and Radiology
  • Radiation Protection
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Medical X-ray examinations contribute significantly to the collective radiation dose.
  • Elevated radiation doses increase the risk of stochastic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess radiation doses from digital X-ray examinations.
  • To compare calculated doses with published dose reference levels (DRLs).

Main Methods:

  • Calculated Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) and effective doses for 241 digital radiographic examinations (chest PA, cervical, abdomen, lumbar, pelvis).
  • Utilized International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) protocols and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 103 conversion coefficients.
  • Compared results with published data from UK, Oman, India, and Canada.

Main Results:

  • Median ESAK and effective doses were determined for various examinations.
  • Most calculated doses were less than or close to previously published literature.
  • Exceptions noted for cervical spine AP and lumbar spine Lateral examinations.

Conclusions:

  • Reinforces the necessity for radiation protection optimization and improved examination techniques.
  • Suggests appropriate use of automatic exposure control in digital radiography.
  • Proposed ESAK values can inform the establishment of local, regional, and national DRLs.