Protein A of Staphylococcus aureus strain NCTC8325 interacted with heparin

Heparin, known for its anticoagulant activity, is commonly used as the coatings of medical devices. The attaching of Staphylococcus aureus, a prominent human and animal pathogen, to the heparin coatings usually leads to catheter-related bloodstream infections. Hence, the study of the interaction between heparin and S. aureus surface proteins is desired. Here, we found that protein A (SpA) of S. aureus was a heparin-binding protein, contributing to the interaction between S. aureus and heparin. The cell-wall-anchored SpA was one of the most critical S. aureus virulence factors with a lysin-like motif (LysM). When SpA was mutated to remove the LysM motif, the heparin-binding capability of SpA dropped 50%. The in-frame deletion of spa also reduced the heparin-binding capability of S. aureus. There was 1.3-fold more of heparin bound to wild type S. aureus than the Δspa::Em strain. These results would help understand the host-microbe interaction and the infection by S. aureus.