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High-Performance Structural Supercapacitors Based on Aligned Discontinuous Carbon Fiber Electrodes and Solid Polymer

Yanfang Xu1,2, Shaopeng Pei2, Yushan Yan3

  • 1College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|March 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study explores using aligned discontinuous carbon fiber dry prepregs for structural supercapacitors (SSCs). These novel SSCs exhibit improved mechanical properties and excellent electrochemical stability, paving the way for advanced energy storage materials.

Keywords:
aligned discontinuous carbon fiberelectrochemical propertymechanical propertysolid polymer electrolytestructural supercapacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Structural supercapacitors (SSCs) require materials that offer both mechanical integrity and electrochemical functionality.
  • Current SSC designs often face limitations in balancing mechanical strength with energy storage capacity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of aligned discontinuous carbon fiber dry prepregs as electrodes in SSCs.
  • To evaluate the mechanical and electrochemical performance of these novel SSCs.
  • To compare the performance against SSCs utilizing woven carbon fiber fabric.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SSCs using aligned discontinuous carbon fiber dry prepregs and a solid polymer electrolyte (poly(vinylidene), lithium triflate, epoxy).
  • Electrochemical performance testing (specific capacitance, galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling).
  • Mechanical testing (quasi-static and cyclic flexural loading) and microstructural analysis (μ-CT imaging).

Main Results:

  • Achieved an SSC with a specific capacitance of 0.128 mF/cm² (11.62 mF/g), flexural strength of 47.49 MPa, and flexural modulus of 8.48 GPa.
  • Demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to SSCs with woven carbon fiber fabric electrodes.
  • Exhibited excellent electrochemical stability with >96% capacitance retention after cycling.

Conclusions:

  • Aligned discontinuous carbon fiber dry prepregs are a promising material for high-performance structural supercapacitors.
  • The developed SSCs offer a compelling combination of mechanical robustness and electrochemical energy storage.
  • This research provides valuable insights for optimizing future SSC designs and material selection.