Genomic and functional potential of the immobilized microbial consortium MCSt-1 for wastewater treatment

Treatment of wastewater prior to release in water bodies is an imperative need of the current time to address the global water crises. Thus, consortium MCSt-1 was designed for an effective wastewater treatment based on its cellulolytic, proteolytic, lipolytic, phenol and sodium dodecyl sulfate degrading activities along with effective nutrient removal capacity. Performance of the designed consortium was assayed using two differently configured lab-scale bioreactors as subjected to immobilization on two different matrices (pebbles and nylon mesh). Consortium MCSt-1 proficiently removes soluble chemical oxygen demand, nitrate, ammonia and phosphorus with 83%, 67%, 76%, and 62% removal efficiency, respectively. The immobilization on a mesh is recommended as it exhibited better biofilm formation, hence results in significant organic load and nutrient removal. The functional potential of the consortium MCSt-1 explored through genome characterization and reveal the presence of genes responsible for phosphorus metabolism and removal (pst operon and ppk), ammonia assimilation (amt), and nitrate; nitrite reductase (nar, nir, nor). Additionally, consortium members also annotated with the phenol, catechol and benzoate degradation, stress response, heavy metal and antibiotics resistance genes. Hence, the designed consortium MCSt-1 can withstand the harsh condition of treatment plants and serves as the best solution for enhancing wastewater treatment efficiency.