Unilateral Phthiriasis Palpebrarum: A Case Study

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Parasitology

Background:

• Phthiriasis palpebrarum is an uncommon eyelid infestation caused by Phthirus pubis (pubic lice).
• It is frequently misdiagnosed as other forms of blepharoconjunctivitis, complicating diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

• A 49-year-old male presented with itching and irritation of the left eye, with a history of recent conjunctivitis treatment.
• Biomicroscopic examination revealed numerous motile, translucent lice and eggs, predominantly on the upper eyelid.

Findings:

• Mechanical removal of lice and eggs from the eyelashes was performed.
• Application of petrolatum jelly to the eyelids for 10 days resulted in complete resolution of the infestation.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering phthiriasis palpebrarum in the differential diagnosis of persistent blepharoconjunctivitis.
• Effective treatment involves mechanical debridement combined with topical agents like petrolatum jelly.