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Histopathological assessment of radial artery calcification in patients with end-stage kidney disease

Zhenwei Chen1, Youjian Zhou2, Tiecheng Yang1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.

Renal Failure
|March 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Longer dialysis duration and diabetes significantly increase the risk of radial artery calcification (RAC) in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. These factors synergistically contribute to vascular calcification, highlighting the need for targeted therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology and Cardiovascular Research
  • Vascular Biology and Pathology

Background:

  • Understanding vascular calcification is crucial for treating cardiovascular disease in high-risk populations.
  • End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients are particularly susceptible to vascular calcification.
  • Radial artery calcification (RAC) is a specific manifestation of vascular pathology in ESKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and characteristics of radial artery calcification (RAC) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).
  • To identify risk factors associated with RAC in the ESKD population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 180 ESKD patients.
  • Radial artery fragments, obtained during arteriovenous fistula creation, were analyzed.
  • Alizarin red S staining was used to detect calcification in arterial media.

Main Results:

  • A prevalence of 21.1% for RAC was observed in the study cohort.
  • Patients with RAC exhibited higher glycated hemoglobin, longer dialysis duration (>5 years), and a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
  • Dialysis duration >5 years and diabetes mellitus were identified as independent risk factors for RAC, with significant odds ratios.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged dialysis duration (>5 years) and diabetes mellitus are significant predictors of RAC in ESKD patients.
  • The combination of extended dialysis and hyperglycemia demonstrates a synergistic effect on the development of RAC.
  • These findings underscore the importance of managing glycemic control and dialysis duration to mitigate vascular calcification risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
Dialysischronic kidney diseasediabetes mellitusvascular calcification

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