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Evaluation of drug patch tests in children
Şule Büyük Yaytokgil1, Hakan Güvenir2, İlknur Külhaş Celík1
1From the Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
|March 9, 2021
Summary
Patch tests are effective for diagnosing drug hypersensitivity in children, showing higher positivity rates for antiepileptic drugs and severe cutaneous adverse reactions. No adverse events were reported during these diagnostic tests.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Dermatology
- Clinical Pharmacology
Background:
- Patch testing is a diagnostic tool for nonimmediate T-cell-mediated drug hypersensitivity.
- Evaluating patch test efficacy in pediatric populations is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the outcomes of drug patch tests in children diagnosed with hypersensitivity reactions.
- To identify specific drug classes and reaction types associated with positive patch test results.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 105 drug patch tests performed on 71 pediatric patients (age < 18) from January 2014 to January 2020.
- Data collected included patient demographics, suspected drugs, reaction characteristics, and patch test results.
- Analysis of patch test positivity rates based on drug class and severity of cutaneous adverse reactions.
Main Results:
- Overall patch test positivity was 28% (20/71 patients).
- Antiepileptic drugs showed a higher positivity rate (40.9%) compared to antibiotics (4.1%).
- Positive patch tests were more frequent in patients with severe cutaneous adverse reactions (23%) than in those with mild reactions (17.7%).
Conclusions:
- Patch testing is a safe and valuable diagnostic method for drug hypersensitivity in children.
- Higher patch test positivity rates were observed with antiepileptic drugs.
- Patch test results were more commonly positive in children who experienced severe cutaneous adverse reactions.
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