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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
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Updated: Nov 14, 2025

Genome Editing in Mammalian Cell Lines using CRISPR-Cas
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Mitochondrial DNA modification by CRISPR/Cas system: Challenges and future direction.

Rajalakshmi Prakash1, Anbarasu Kannan1

  • 1Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI) Campus, Mysuru, India.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|March 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The CRISPR/Cas system offers a novel approach for treating mitochondrial diseases caused by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. This review explores its mechanism and therapeutic potential for genetic disorders.

Keywords:
CRISP/CasGenome editingMitochondriaMitochondrial diseasemtDNA

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A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial diseases stem from mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
  • The CRISPR/Cas system, a prokaryotic adaptive immune mechanism, is a powerful genome editing tool.
  • Current therapeutic strategies for mitochondrial disorders are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mitochondrial diseases linked to mtDNA alterations.
  • To highlight the CRISPR/Cas system's mechanism and its application in gene-based therapeutics for mitochondrial diseases.
  • To elaborate on the CRISPR/Cas system's role in mtDNA modification.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CRISPR/Cas technology.
  • Analysis of studies on mitochondrial diseases and mtDNA.
  • Exploration of CRISPR/Cas mechanisms for gene editing in mitochondria.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas system demonstrates potential for precise mtDNA editing.
  • The system's adaptability offers new avenues for targeting specific mtDNA mutations.
  • Gene-based therapies using CRISPR/Cas show promise for treating mitochondrial disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The CRISPR/Cas system is a promising platform for gene therapy in mitochondrial diseases.
  • Targeted modification of mtDNA using CRISPR/Cas could revolutionize treatment approaches.
  • Further research is warranted to fully realize the therapeutic potential of CRISPR/Cas for mitochondrial genetic disorders.