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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 14, 2025

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Ultra-High Initial Coulombic Efficiency Induced by Interface Engineering Enables Rapid, Stable Sodium Storage.

Yanhua Wan1, Keming Song1, Weihua Chen1,2

  • 1College of Chemistry & Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|March 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A novel iron disulfide nanocluster material embedded in a nitrogen, sulfur-doped carbon matrix (FeS2/N,S-C) achieves ultra-high initial coulombic efficiency. This breakthrough enhances battery lifespan and power output through optimized interface construction.

Keywords:
defect repairinitial coulombic efficiencyinterface catalysissodium-ion batteriessolid electrolyte interphase

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • High initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) is crucial for advanced battery performance, signifying efficient interface formation and reduced electrolyte consumption.
  • Developing sodium storage materials with stable interfaces is key to improving battery longevity and power density.
  • Existing materials often struggle with irreversible capacity loss during the initial charge-discharge cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel FeS2 nanocluster material embedded in a N,S-doped carbon matrix (FeS2/N,S-C).
  • To investigate the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and its impact on initial coulombic efficiency.
  • To elucidate the catalytic role of Fe-N-C/Fe-S-C bonds in SEI formation and battery performance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of FeS2 nanoclusters (1-2 nm) within a N,S-doped carbon matrix.
  • Surface characterization revealing defects-repair and Fe-N-C/Fe-S-C bonds.
  • Electrochemical testing to evaluate initial coulombic efficiency, reversible capacity, and cycle stability.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to confirm the catalytic mechanism of SEI formation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an ultra-high initial coulombic efficiency of approximately 92% due to a uniform, ultra-thin (≈6.0 nm) NaF-rich SEI layer.
  • The FeS2/N,S-C material exhibited a high reversible capacity of 749.6 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹.
  • Demonstrated outstanding cycle stability with 92.7% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 10.0 A g⁻¹.
  • Maintained a reversible capacity of 211.7 mAh g⁻¹ at 10.0 A g⁻¹ even at low temperatures (-15 °C).

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized FeS2/N,S-C material effectively promotes the formation of a 2D ultra-thin SEI layer, leading to superior ICE.
  • The catalytic activity of Fe-N-C/Fe-S-C bonds is vital for accelerating SEI formation and improving electrochemical performance.
  • This work offers a promising strategy for interface engineering to enhance battery performance, with potential applications demonstrated in pouch-type cells.