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Density equalized map projections: a method for analysing clustering around a fixed point.

J Schulman1, S Selvin, D W Merrill

  • 1Computer Science Research Department, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720.

Statistics in Medicine
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Density equalized map projections (DEMPs) adjust for population density, improving disease cluster analysis. New statistical methods were developed and applied to investigate cancer incidence near a plutonium plant.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Geopolitical maps present challenges in disease case analysis due to uneven population distribution.
  • Variable population density can distort the interpretation of disease clusters on traditional maps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Density Equalized Map Projections (DEMPs) as a method to normalize for population density in spatial epidemiology.
  • To develop and present novel statistical methods for detecting disease clustering on DEMPs.
  • To investigate potential associations between lung cancer and leukaemia incidence and plutonium exposure in Colorado.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a transformation algorithm for creating Density Equalized Map Projections (DEMPs).
  • Formulated two new numeric statistical methods for cluster detection on DEMPs, addressing complex or non-existent exact solutions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Applied the developed methods to lung cancer and leukaemia incidence data in Denver and Jefferson counties, Colorado.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the utility of DEMPs in overcoming population density biases in spatial analysis.
    • Successfully applied the novel statistical methods to identify potential disease clustering patterns.
    • Provided an initial investigation into the relationship between plutonium exposure and specific cancer incidences in the study area.

    Conclusions:

    • DEMPs offer a robust approach to visualizing and analyzing disease patterns, accounting for population distribution.
    • The developed statistical methods provide valuable tools for spatial cluster detection in epidemiological studies.
    • Further research is warranted to confirm associations between plutonium exposure and cancer incidence in the studied region.