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COVID-19 and smoking: More severity and death - An experience from Iran
Gholamreza Heydari1, Hossein Arfaeinia2
1Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Few studies have shown that smokers are more likely than nonsmokers to contract COVID-19, while others report that smokers are underrepresented among those requiring hospital treatment for this illness. This study was designed and implemented for investigating the severity and outcome of COVID-19 based on underlying smoking status.
Materials And Methods:
This was a case-control study that was implemented in Tehran and Ahvaz with all COVID-19 patients from February to July 2020. Patients were divided into two groups of COVID-19 positive (1044 cases) and negative (1231 controls) randomly based on entrance number.
Results:
The frequency of smokers in the case group is significantly lower than the control group (15.4% vs. 28%). However, the number of days of hospitalization and the use of more than 3 medications in the group of smokers were significantly higher. A comparison between groups of case and control based on smoking indicates that the death rate was significantly higher in smokers with COVID-19.
Conclusions:
The results of this study showed that although the number of smokers in COVID-19 patients is significantly lower, smokers run an aggresive curse and have higher mortality.
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