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Related Concept Videos

Hypodermis01:02

Hypodermis

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The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: The Significance of Isolation, Culture, and Adipogenic Induction of SVF-Derived Preadipocytes from Mouse Perivascular Adipose Tissue
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Author Spotlight: The Significance of Isolation, Culture, and Adipogenic Induction of SVF-Derived Preadipocytes from Mouse Perivascular Adipose Tissue

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Restoring Perivascular Adipose Tissue Function in Obesity Using Exercise.

Sophie N Saxton1,2, Lauren K Toms1, Robert G Aldous3

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
|March 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity impairs perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) function, leading to vascular disease. Exercise restores PVAT function by reducing inflammation and increasing key protein expression, treating obesity-related vascular complications.

Keywords:
AdipocytesAdrenoceptorsExerciseObesitySympathetic nervous system

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Adipose Tissue Physiology
  • Metabolic Disease

Background:

  • Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) regulates vascular tone via sympathetic stimulation, involving noradrenaline uptake (OCT3) and β3-adrenoceptor-mediated adiponectin release.
  • Obesity-associated autonomic dysfunction can lead to PVAT dysfunction and vascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate PVAT abnormalities in obesity.
  • Determine if exercise can restore PVAT function in obese mice.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed ex vivo vascular contractility in obese and exercised obese mice with and without PVAT.
  • Used immunohistochemistry to analyze β3-adrenoceptors, OCT3, and TNFα expression in PVAT.

Main Results:

  • Exercise reversed obesity-induced hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia, independent of weight loss.
  • Obesity abolished PVAT's anti-contractile effect and adiponectin's vasodilation; exercise restored these functions.
  • Exercise reduced PVAT inflammation and increased downregulated β3-adrenoceptor and OCT3 expression.

Conclusions:

  • Loss of PVAT anti-contractile function in obesity contributes to hypertension and type II diabetes.
  • Exercise training effectively restores PVAT function and treats associated vascular complications.