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Oxidized LDL, insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in newborns.

Fang Fang1,2, Anne Monique Nuyt3, Carole Garofalo3

  • 1Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

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Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) in newborns is linked to poorer beta-cell function and improved insulin sensitivity. This study highlights OxLDL

Keywords:
LDLcholesterolinsulin secretionoxidative stresspregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Neonatal Research

Background:

  • Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) is a biomarker of oxidative stress with known proatherogenic and proinflammatory effects.
  • Elevated OxLDL levels in adults are associated with insulin resistance and diabetes.
  • The role of OxLDL in early-life glucose metabolism remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between cord plasma OxLDL concentrations and fetal insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function.
  • To determine if OxLDL impacts glucose metabolic health in newborns.

Main Methods:

  • A birth cohort study involving 248 singleton newborns.
  • Measurement of cord plasma OxLDL concentration and OxLDL to total LDL ratio.
  • Assessment of fetal insulin sensitivity (glucose to insulin ratio) and beta-cell function (proinsulin to insulin ratio).

Main Results:

  • Cord plasma OxLDL concentration positively correlated with both glucose to insulin ratio and proinsulin to insulin ratio.
  • Adjusted analyses showed increased OxLDL associated with higher glucose to insulin ratio (25.8%) and proinsulin to insulin ratio (19.0%).
  • Similar associations were found for the OxLDL to LDL ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Higher OxLDL levels in newborns are associated with reduced fetal beta-cell function but enhanced insulin sensitivity.
  • This research is the first to suggest OxLDL influences glucose metabolic health during early human development.