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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 14, 2025

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?
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Smart transformable nanomedicines for cancer therapy.

Yuequan Wang1, Shumeng Li1, Xinhui Wang1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.

Biomaterials
|March 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Smart transformable nanomedicines offer solutions to overcome drug delivery challenges in cancer therapy. These systems exhibit size reduction, altered nanostructures, and shell detachment for improved therapeutic outcomes.

Keywords:
Cancer treatmentNanomedicineShell detachmentSize reductionTransformable nanostructures

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems (nano-DDS) face significant delivery challenges.
  • Smart transformable nano-DDS are a promising strategy to enhance nanomedicine efficacy.
  • Anticancer nanomedicines are a key focus in this emerging field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in smart transformable nanomedicines for cancer therapy.
  • To outline strategies for overcoming nano-DDS delivery obstacles.
  • To highlight future perspectives and challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing smart size-reducible nanoparticles (NPs) for tumor penetration.
  • Discussing transformable nanostructures for various therapeutic applications.
  • Introducing shell-detachable nanocarriers and their triggering mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Size reduction strategies include carrier degradation, protonation, and photobleaching.
  • Transformable nanostructures aid in tumor retention, drug resistance reversal, and metastasis inhibition.
  • Shell detachment can be triggered by chemical bonds, charge repulsion, or external stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Smart transformable nanomedicines represent a significant advancement in overcoming nano-DDS limitations.
  • These systems offer diverse strategies for improved cancer treatment.
  • Further research is needed to address clinical translation challenges.