Fabrication techniques and stability analysis of SMF-/MMF-based differently tapered optical fiber structures

In this work, fabrication techniques and optimization of single-mode fiber (SMF)- and multi-mode fiber (MMF)-based differently tapered optical fiber (TOF) structures are discussed. Further, taper characteristics such as diameter, transmitted intensity, and repeatability are analyzed. The results show that 25 µm TOF consists of lower transmitted intensity, meaning higher evanescent waves materialize at the tapered surface, which helps in suitable potential application of TOF as an optical fiber sensor.