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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 14, 2025

Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
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FMCW laser ranging method based on a frequency multiplier.

Shuo Jiang, Bo Liu, Huachuang Wang

    Applied Optics
    |March 10, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study introduces a frequency multiplier to enhance frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) ranging systems. This method allows for accurate distance measurements with a shorter reference interferometer optical path difference.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Metrology
    • Laser Ranging Systems

    Background:

    • Nonlinear laser modulation in frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) ranging systems necessitates a reference interferometer.
    • The reference interferometer's beat signal typically serves as the system clock for resampling, requiring its optical path difference (OPD) to exceed twice the target distance per the Nyquist theorem.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a novel resampling method to shorten the required optical path difference (OPD) of the reference interferometer in FMCW ranging systems.
    • To overcome the limitations imposed by the Nyquist sampling theorem on reference interferometer OPD in FMCW ranging.

    Main Methods:

    • A frequency multiplier, specifically a quadruple frequency circuit board with two multipliers, was integrated into the FMCW ranging system.

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    Last Updated: Nov 14, 2025

    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
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    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

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  • The frequency multiplier generates a new, higher-frequency clock signal for resampling the measurement signal, enabling shorter OPDs.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed method successfully measured a target at a distance of 6.4 meters.
    • This measurement was achieved with a reference interferometer optical path difference (OPD) of only 3 meters (using a 3 m delay fiber).
    • A high ranging accuracy was demonstrated, with a standard deviation of 9.4 µm.

    Conclusions:

    • The integration of a frequency multiplier effectively reduces the necessary optical path difference (OPD) for the reference interferometer in FMCW ranging systems.
    • This advancement allows for more compact and potentially more cost-effective FMCW ranging systems without compromising measurement accuracy.