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International heterogeneity in coronavirus disease 2019 pediatric mortality rates

Nadia González-García1, América L Miranda-Lora2, Juan Garduño-Espinosa3

  • 1Laboratorio de Investigación en Neurociencias. Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.

Boletin Medico Del Hospital Infantil De Mexico
|March 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric COVID-19 mortality rates vary significantly worldwide, correlating strongly with historical neonatal mortality. This highlights the impact of health system quality and social determinants on child COVID-19 outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rare in children, with a mortality rate around 0.08%.
  • International disparities in pediatric COVID-19 mortality require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore international variations in pediatric COVID-19 mortality rates.
  • To identify factors associated with these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of COVID-19 deaths by age group in 23 countries with populations over 5 million.
  • Data sourced from national health ministries, WHO, and COVID-19 databases.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric mortality ranged from 0 to 12.1 deaths per million, with Peru having the highest rate.
  • Pediatric COVID-19 mortality strongly correlated with 2018 neonatal mortality rates (r=0.77-0.88).
  • Pediatric mortality showed a weaker correlation with general COVID-19 mortality (r=0.19-0.47).

Conclusions:

  • International differences in pediatric COVID-19 mortality parallel historical neonatal mortality trends.
  • Neonatal mortality reflects health system quality, suggesting social determinants influence child COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Further research into social determinants of health is crucial for understanding pediatric mortality disparities.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdolescentAdolescentesCOVID-19ChildCoronavirus disease 2019Geographic locationInfantMortalidadMortalityNiñosPaíses

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