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Gorham-Stout disease: interesting cause of pleural effusion

Daniel Olea-Mendoza1, Vittorio Romeo Terrigno2, Ayobamidele Balogun2

  • 1Internal Medicine, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey, USA olea-mendoza-daniel@cooperhealth.edu.

BMJ Case Reports
|March 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare bone disorder causing osteolysis. This case highlights chylothorax, a severe complication of GSD, and reviews its literature and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Rare bone diseases
  • Vascular anomalies
  • Lymphatic system disorders

Background:

  • Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare condition characterized by bone loss (osteolysis).
  • The exact cause of GSD is unknown, but it involves abnormal lymphatic tissue growth.
  • Osteoclast activation is a potential factor in GSD pathogenesis.

Observation:

  • A patient with a history of Gorham-Stout disease presented with worsening shortness of breath.
  • Imaging revealed a large left-sided pleural effusion.
  • The effusion was diagnosed as a chylothorax, a serious complication involving lymphatic fluid in the chest cavity.

Findings:

  • Chylothorax is a life-threatening complication of Gorham-Stout disease.
  • This case underscores the critical nature of pleural effusions in GSD patients.
  • The paper reviews current literature and treatment strategies for GSD-associated chylothorax.

Implications:

  • Early recognition and management of chylothorax are crucial for GSD patients.
  • Further research into GSD pathogenesis may reveal targeted therapeutic approaches.
  • Understanding GSD complications like chylothorax improves patient outcomes and clinical care.

Keywords:
bronchopulmonary dysplasiahaematology (incl blood transfusion)oncologyrespiratory medicinevascular surgery

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