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Genomics and transcriptomics in veterinary oncology
Bridget Marie Harrison1, Panayiotis Loukopoulos1
1Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
Oncology Letters
|March 11, 2021
Summary
Canine cancer genomics research is advancing, revealing shared genetic changes with human cancers. This review highlights the potential of canine cancer genomics for comparative studies and understanding disease development.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Genomics
- Comparative Oncology
- Canine Cancer Research
Background:
- Genomic technologies offer new avenues for studying naturally occurring canine cancers.
- Canine cancers share features with human cancers, making them valuable models for comparative studies.
- A comprehensive review of canine cancer genomics literature was lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the existing literature on canine cancer genomics and transcriptomics.
- To identify common genomic and transcriptomic aberrations in canine cancers.
- To assess the current state and future potential of canine cancer genomics.
Main Methods:
- Searched PubMed and CAB Abstracts databases for relevant literature.
- Used search terms: 'veterinary', 'cancer'/'oncology', and 'genomics'/'transcriptomics'.
- Manually assessed and grouped 44 retrieved studies by techniques, cancer type, and genomic lesions.
Main Results:
- Comparative genomic hybridization was the most common technique used.
- Canine osteosarcoma was the most frequently studied cancer type.
- Genomic aberrations in canine cancers often mirrored those found in human cancers.
Conclusions:
- Genomic and transcriptomic technologies are crucial for understanding canine cancer origins and pathogenesis.
- Canine cancer genomics is an emerging field with significant potential for comparative oncology.
- Further research is needed for a deeper understanding of certain canine cancer types compared to their human counterparts.
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