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Global prevalence and determinants of mortality among patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Semagn Mekonnen Abate1, Yigrem Ali Checkol2, Bahiru Mantefardo3

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.

Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012)
|March 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Over 15% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients died. Acute respiratory distress syndrome significantly increased mortality risk, highlighting the need for better resource allocation and skilled healthcare providers to manage coronavirus disease.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 presents a significant global health challenge due to complex transmission and lack of definitive treatments.
  • High in-hospital mortality rates for COVID-19 patients, ranging from 1-52%, underscore the severity of the disease.
  • Mortality rates among intensive care unit (ICU) patients with COVID-19 were notably high, between 6-86%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify factors associated with increased mortality risk in hospitalized coronavirus disease patients.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive three-stage literature search was performed across PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library.
  • Heterogeneity was assessed using forest plots, chi-squared tests, I2 tests, and p-values.
  • Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots, Egger's correlation, and Begg's regression tests.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis revealed a pooled prevalence of 15% (95% CI: 13-17) for in-hospital mortality in coronavirus disease patients.
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was a significant risk factor, with patients being eight times more likely to die (RR = 7.99, 95% CI: 4.9-13).

Conclusions:

  • More than fifteen percent of hospitalized COVID-19 patients experienced mortality.
  • Healthcare stakeholders must prioritize resource mobilization and skilled provider deployment to mitigate COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19CoronavirusMortalitySevere acute respiratory syndrome

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