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Self-reported and self-monitored smoking patterns.

S Shiffman1, M Prange

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260.

Addictive Behaviors
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study found that self-report measures for smoking motives, like Horn's Reasons for Smoking Test, often lack validity when compared to actual self-monitoring data. Only the tension-reduction factor showed some support.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Individual differences in smoking patterns are typically assessed using self-report questionnaires.
  • Existing self-report measures, such as Horn's Reasons for Smoking Test, have not undergone rigorous validation.
  • Understanding smoking motives is crucial for developing effective cessation interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically validate commonly used self-report scales of smoking motives.
  • To compare the results of self-report measures with objective self-monitoring data.
  • To assess the reliability and accuracy of self-reported smoking patterns.

Main Methods:

  • 164 subjects from a smoking clinic participated in the study.
  • Participants monitored their smoking behavior for a minimum of two days.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Self-monitoring data were subjected to factor analysis and correlated with self-report measures.

    • Main Results:

    • Most hypothesized relationships between self-report measures and self-monitoring data did not materialize.
    • The 'Sedative Smoking' (tension-reduction) factor from Horn's Reasons for Smoking Test received the most significant empirical support.
    • Overall, the study indicated limited validity for many self-report scales assessing smoking motives and situations.

    Conclusions:

    • Commonly used self-report scales for smoking motives and situations demonstrate questionable validity.
    • Self-monitoring data provides a more reliable assessment of smoking patterns compared to self-report measures.
    • Further research is needed to develop and validate more accurate methods for assessing smoking motivations.