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The elite marathon runner: problems during and after competition.

P Hölmich, E Darre, F Jahnsen

    British Journal of Sports Medicine
    |March 1, 1988
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Marathon runners face frequent training injuries, with lower extremity issues and exhaustion being common race drop-out causes. Hydration significantly impacts marathon completion rates, reducing drop-outs.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Running Science

    Background:

    • Marathon running involves intense physical exertion.
    • Understanding runner health and injury patterns is crucial for performance and safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate health, training habits, and injury profiles of marathon runners.
    • To identify factors influencing race completion and medical problems in marathon participants.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two questionnaires for data collection from Danish national marathon championship participants.
    • Collected data on health, training volume (90-150 km/week), warm-up routines, injury history, and in-race medical issues.
    • Analyzed dropout rates based on hydration and identified common medical problems.

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    Main Results:

    • 43% of runners experienced training-preventing injuries in the past year; 3% missed work.
    • Exhaustion and lower extremity injuries were primary reasons for not finishing the race.
    • Runners not hydrating at refreshment stations had a significantly higher dropout rate (61% vs. 27%).
    • Gastrointestinal issues, skin lesions, and lower extremity pain were the most frequent medical problems.

    Conclusions:

    • Marathon running is associated with a high incidence of non-work-disabling injuries.
    • Adequate hydration is critical for marathon completion.
    • While common, medical issues in marathon running are generally not severe.