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Related Concept Videos

Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

Lagging Strand Synthesis

58.2K
During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
There are several major differences between synthesis of the leading strand and synthesis of the lagging strand. 1) Leading strand synthesis happens in the direction of replication fork opening, whereas lagging strand synthesis happens in the...
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Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

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Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...
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Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

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DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
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Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

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Overview
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DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

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DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
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The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

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DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 14, 2025

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement
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Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement

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TIGER: inferring DNA replication timing from whole-genome sequence data.

Amnon Koren1, Dashiell J Massey1, Alexa N Bracci1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
|March 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

We developed TIGER, a computational method to infer DNA replication timing from genome sequencing data. This approach overcomes technical challenges, enabling large-scale, high-quality replication timing measurements.

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Chromosome Replicating Timing Combined with Fluorescent In situ Hybridization
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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Genomic DNA replication follows a defined spatiotemporal program, with distinct genomic loci replicating at specific times during S phase.
  • Studying DNA replication timing is crucial for understanding genome regulation, but has been limited by technical challenges and scale.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce TIGER (Timing Inferred from Genome Replication), a novel computational method for determining DNA replication timing.
  • To enable large-scale, high-quality measurement of DNA replication timing from whole genome sequence data.

Main Methods:

  • TIGER analyzes DNA copy number variation in whole genome sequencing data from proliferating cells.
  • The method accounts for sequence coverage variations to accurately infer replication timing.
  • It is applicable to any species with a contiguous genome assembly.

Main Results:

  • TIGER successfully extracts DNA replication timing information from genome sequence data.
  • The computational approach rivals the quality of experimental replication timing measurements.
  • It offers a scalable and straightforward method for replication timing analysis.

Conclusions:

  • TIGER provides a powerful computational tool for advancing DNA replication timing studies.
  • The method facilitates large-scale investigations into the spatiotemporal program of DNA replication.
  • This approach democratizes replication timing analysis across various species.