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Presentation acuity, induction mortality, and resource utilization in infants with acute leukemia

Azada Ibrahimova1, Lena E Winestone2, Tamara P Miller3,4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Einstein Healthcare Network Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|March 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Infants with acute leukemia, particularly acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), face higher risks. This includes increased organ failure, mortality, and greater need for supportive care compared to older children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Infant acute leukemia treatment presents unique challenges, with higher induction mortality rates observed in infants compared to older children.
  • Limited data exists on the specific presentation characteristics and supportive care needs of infants diagnosed with leukemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare presentation acuity, induction mortality, and resource utilization in infants versus noninfants (<10 years) diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric hospital data from the Pediatric Health Information System.
  • Comparison of presentation acuity, induction mortality, and supportive care resource utilization between infant and noninfant groups for ALL and AML.

Main Results:

  • Infants were more likely to present with multisystem organ failure for both ALL and AML.
  • Infants with ALL exhibited higher induction mortality than noninfants, with similar rates to children with AML.
  • Infants with both ALL and AML required greater supportive care, including blood products, diuretics, oxygen, and ventilation.

Conclusions:

  • Infants with leukemia present with more severe illness and higher acuity.
  • Induction mortality and supportive care needs for infants with ALL mirror those of children with AML, and are significantly higher than for noninfant ALL patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
induction mortalityinfant leukemiaresource utilization

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