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Anthropometric Parameters of Nasomaxillary Complex in 2, 4, 6, and 12-Month-Old Children as a Reference for Cleft Lip
Arezoo Jahanbin1, Ahmad Kafi Emami2, Neda Eslami3,4
1School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Insights
Nasolabial morphology in healthy Iranian infants shows minimal sex-based differences. Facial measurements like columellar width change with age, offering insights for reconstructive surgery in infants.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial morphology
- Pediatric anthropometry
Background:
- Understanding infant craniofacial development is crucial for diagnosing and treating congenital anomalies.
- Nasolabial morphology variations can impact speech, breathing, and aesthetic outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the nasomaxillary complex morphology in healthy Iranian infants aged 2, 4, 6, and 12 months.
- To identify age- and sex-related changes in nasolabial anthropometric landmarks.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 232 healthy Fars infants.
- Frontal photographic images were analyzed using Photoshop software to measure specific anthropometric landmarks.
- Measurements included mouth width, nose width, columellar width, philtrum width and height, and upper lip height.
Main Results:
- No significant sex differences were observed in most nasolabial parameters, except for columellar width and superior philtrum width.
- Columellar width decreased with age in both sexes.
- Philtrum and upper lip height exhibited complex age-related changes, with some increases and subsequent decreases observed in both sexes.
Conclusions:
- This study provides normative data on nasolabial morphology for Iranian infants.
- Findings offer valuable reference information for planning and executing reconstructive surgeries in the nasolabial region for this population.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to analyze the morphology of the nasomaxillary complex of Iranian healthy infants of 2, 4, 6, and 12-month-old.In this cross-sectional study, 232 healthy Fars infants of 2, 4, 6, and 12-month-old referred to Mashhad health centers were evaluated. Photographic images were taken from the infants' frontal view at rest position. Anthropometric landmarks including width of the mouth, nose, columella, width and height of the philtrum, and height of the upper lip were measured by Photoshop software.The authors did not find any considerable differences in nasolabial morphology of Fars children between boys and girls, except for columellar width and the width of superior philtrum at all intervals. The mean columellar width decreased with increasing age in both sexes. The width of the lower philtrum decreased from 2 to 4 months in both sexes, but increased from 4 to 6 months. In girls, the mean height of the right and left philtrum and height of the upper lip increased by increasing age from 2 to 4 months. But it consistently reduced from 4 months to 6 and 12-month-old. In boys, the mean height of the right and left philtrum and height of the upper lip decreased from 2 to 4 months. It showed a mild increase from 4 to 6 months, and a relatively large reduction from 6 to 12 months.This study provides useful information for reconstructive surgeries of the nasolabial region in the population studied.
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