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Metabolic ROS Signaling: To Immunity and Beyond.

A Y Andreyev1, Y E Kushnareva2, N N Starkova3

  • 1The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. alex_andreyev@mitoexperts.com.

Biochemistry. Biokhimiia
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores immunometabolism and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. We propose that regulatory ROS production is governed by mitochondrial biogenesis, not metabolic switches.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Metabolism critically influences immune cell function.
  • Immunometabolism integrates energy transduction and biochemical pathways.
  • Mitochondria are key players in immune cell metabolic adaptation and signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the concepts of ROS signaling and immunometabolism from a bioenergetic perspective.
  • To critically assess methodologies for ROS assessment in immunology.
  • To propose a novel hypothesis regarding ROS regulation in immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of existing data.
  • Bioenergetic standpoint on ROS signaling and immunometabolism.
  • Critical evaluation of ROS detection techniques.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondria contribute to immune cell adaptation via ATP production and ROS signaling.
  • Mitochondrial ROS have established roles in oxidative stress and emerging roles in immune signaling.
  • Current ROS assessment methods present challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Regulatory ROS production, distinct from oxidative stress, is hypothesized to be controlled by mitochondrial biogenesis.
  • This contrasts with the established role of metabolic switches in immune cell activation.
  • Further research is needed to validate the proposed regulatory mechanism.