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Low-grade IVH in preterm infants causes cerebellar damage, motor, and cognitive impairment

Satoshi Sakaue1, Tatsuji Hasegawa1, Koji Sakai2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|March 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants impacts cerebellar white matter. This damage correlates with poorer motor development at three years of age.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Low-grade intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is common in preterm infants.
  • The effect of low-grade IVH on cerebellar white matter and neurodevelopment is not well understood.
  • Cerebellar white matter integrity is crucial for motor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cerebellar white matter in preterm infants with low-grade IVH at term-equivalent age (TEA).
  • To assess the association between cerebellar white matter changes and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 years of age.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to measure fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the superior cerebellar peduncles (SCP).
  • Thirteen preterm infants with low-grade IVH and 26 without were compared.
  • Neurodevelopmental outcomes (DQ) were assessed at 3 years, and correlations with DTI parameters were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Infants with IVH had lower FA and higher ADC values in the SCP at TEA.
  • The IVH group showed lower Postural-Motor and Cognitive-Adaptive DQ at 3 years.
  • A significant correlation was found between SCP FA at TEA and Posture-Motor DQ at 3 years.

Conclusions:

  • Low-grade IVH affects cerebellar white matter integrity (SCP) in preterm infants.
  • Impaired white matter in the cerebellum is associated with poorer motor development outcomes.
  • DTI parameters in the SCP at TEA may predict motor deficits in preterm infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
developmental quotientfractional anisotropyintraventricular hemorrhagesuperior cerebellar peduncleterm-equivalent age

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