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Antihypertensive treatment decrease stroke occurrence: a prospective cohort study

Yingting Zuo1,2, Anxin Wang3,4, Shouling Wu5

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University.

Journal of Hypertension
|March 12, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Achieving normotension through antihypertensive treatment significantly reduces stroke risk. Even individuals newly achieving normal blood pressure with medication show no elevated stroke risk, indicating treatment effectiveness.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension is a primary modifiable risk factor for stroke.
  • Effective antihypertensive treatment is crucial for stroke prevention.
  • Understanding the impact of treatment efficacy on stroke risk is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess if antihypertensive treatment to ideal blood pressure levels can eliminate stroke risk.
  • To evaluate the association between baseline and newly achieved antihypertensive treatment efficacy and stroke risk.
  • To analyze stroke risk in different hypertension and treatment control groups.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective longitudinal cohort study (Kailuan study) with 11.0-year follow-up.
  • Analysis of baseline antihypertensive treatment efficacy and newly achieved normotension at 4-year follow-up.
  • Multivariate Cox proportional models used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke.

Main Results:

  • Compared to normotension, treated and controlled (HR 1.83), untreated hypertension (HR 1.97), and treated but uncontrolled hypertension (HR 2.62) showed significantly higher total stroke risk.
  • Individuals newly achieving normotension with antihypertensives at 4-year follow-up exhibited no elevated total stroke risk (HR 1.41).
  • Similar findings were observed for stroke subtypes, including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Conclusions:

  • Antihypertensive treatment effectively reduces stroke risk.
  • Achieving normotension, even with medication, is associated with a significantly lower risk of stroke.
  • Prompt antihypertensive treatment to control blood pressure is recommended for stroke prevention.
Abstract

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